In the past, Operational Technology (OT) systems where not designed with security in mind as they were supposed to be segregated and isolated. The interconnection of Information Technology (IT) and OT system is the key item in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) transformation, projecting the industry in the future. The transformation introduces many advantages and new use cases for better efficiency, safety, less downtime, and new businesses.

However, such interconnection paradigm extends the attack surface and the set of threat actors, making critical infrastructures targets of modern attacks with a potential impact not only in terms of information security, but also on the safety of people. Legacy systems that were not designed to be connected lack the modern security features and capabilities we rely on when designing secure infrastructures, and are often hard to replace or even patch.